![]() ![]() ![]() It demands parties in conflict permit humanitarian aid workers unimpeded access to populations in dire need and states that “using starvation of civilians as a method of warfare may constitute a war crime.” Ending hunger and extreme food insecurity features among the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals, adopted in 2015. Aimed at countries currently engaged in international or civil wars, the resolution implores all parties to leave food stocks, farms, markets, and other distribution mechanisms intact. It was the first time the Council had ever addressed the issue, acknowledging a threat to the lives of tens of millions of people. This means, according to our analysis, that war crimes could already have taken place before March 2022’ explains Dr Chiara Redealli.On May 24 2018, the United Nations (UN) Security Council unanimously passed a resolution condemning the use of food insecurity and starvation as a tactic of war. What has changed, since February 2022, is the intensity of the violence and its impact on the civilian population. Indeed, according to IHL criteria, there have been an IAC between Russia and Ukraine and two NIACs in Ukraine since 2014. ‘Russia’s invasion of Ukraine did not change our classification of the armed conflicts in the region. ![]() Europe is also the theatre of an international armed conflict (IAC) between Ukraine and Russia, and of two non-international armed conflicts (NIACs) in Ukraine opposing governmental forces with the self-proclaimed ‘People’s Republics’ of Donetsk and Luhansk in eastern Ukraine. The following military occupations constitute the majority of armed conflicts that are taking place in Europe, four out of seven conflicts: Russia is currently occupying Crimea (Ukraine), Transdniestria (Moldova), as well as South Ossetia and Abkhazia (Georgia), while Armenia is occupying parts of Nagorno Karabakh (Azerbaijan). ![]()
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